Investigating the effect of gum base components on chewing gum quality and aroma release mechanism: In-vitro kinetic modeling.

In this study, the effects of main gum base components, namely butyl rubber, polyvinyl acetate and natural resin, on the aroma (menthol) release mechanism and quality of sugar-free chewing gums were investigated. According to the results, the sensory evaluation of aroma release was closely similar to the analysis performed with the GC-MS equipment. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model was the best model explaining the menthol release from chewing gum, and it was found that the release was mostly in the form of Fickian diffusion. The polyvinyl acetate had the greatest effect on the aroma release, and the aroma intensity increased in parallel with the ratio in the formulations. According to the optimization results, softening temperatures and instrumental hardness of the sample, which showed the highest aroma durability were found to be 80.00 °C and 22.45 N.

Development of a novel rheological method for determining melting properties of gelatin-based gummies.

In this study, a novel rheometer-based method was explored to determine the melting point of gummy, which is one of the most consumed confectionery products. The new method is based on the vertical deformation of a solid sample since melting points of the products were determined by performing onset analysis on the graph of gap values against temperature. Peltier system heating rate and sample thickness parameters were used to develop the method. To verify the obtained melting points, time sweep tests in the rheometer at constant temperature, conventional oven and water bath analysis, thermograms of the samples obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and their microstructures at various temperatures with polarized light microscopy (PLM) were examined. Herein, it can be realized that the developed method detects the melting point of a gummy with a sensitivity of 1 °C when temperature increase rate and thickness values were 1 °C/min and 4000 µm, respectively. As a result of the application of the novel method for the commercial samples, the melting points of C1 and C2 gummy samples were determined as 45 °C and verified by other experiments with one unit of precision. Therefore, the method has brought a different perspective to the melting temperature analysis with ease of use and short-term detection by sensitive and reproducible results. Besides, it has come to the forefront as it allows the studied materials to be used in solid form in the rheometer.

Chia Seed Mucilage Versus Guar Gum: Effects on Microstructural, Textural, and Antioxidative Properties of Set-Type Yoghurts

Abstract Texture is an important parameter which influences on the quality and acceptability of yoghurts. The utilize of stabilizers in yoghurt manufacturing has become a prevalent application to improve the textural properties of yoghurts. In this context, guar gum obtained from Cyamopsis tetragonolobus is generally used as a natural stabilizer for its thickening and gelling properties. Accordingly, this study evaluated the use of chia seed mucilage as an alternative to guar gum to improve the textural properties of yoghurt. This study focused on the effect of using chia seed mucilage (CSM) and guar gum (GG) at 1, 2, and 3% concentrations on the textural and microstructural characteristics of yoghurts. The results of fortifications with CSM and GG on the physicochemical, sensory, and antioxidative properties of yoghurts were also evaluated. Compared to GG, CSM provided higher antioxidant activity which improved with increasing concentrations of CSM. An enhancement was observed in textural properties of yoghurts containing CSM and GG, but CSM concentrations up to 2% gave better effect on firmness. Besides, the microstructure of yoghurt was enhanced depending on the increase in CSM and GG amounts. No negative effect was determined on the sensory properties of the samples by CSM and GG additions. The results showed that CSM can be used in set-type yoghurt production as an alternative stabilizer by improving firmness and consistency and reducing syneresis. Furthermore, its use is suitable for industrial yoghurt production with regards to sensorial properties.